How Loan Distribution and Credit Troubled in Fostered Partners can be Done?

This research aims to determine the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) partnership program implemented by State-Owned Enterprises, BUMN, namely PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk, Tanjung Enim, South Sumatra, as a form of concern for the community of small business actors by providing business capital loan assistance. Credit extension services cannot be separated from the risks that occur, such as non-performing loans. Non-performing loans that happened in PT. Bukit Asam Tanjung Enim South Sumatra, namely small business actors as fostered partners experienced a disaster, went bankrupt and fled, or business owners died. This research method uses descriptive qualitative analysis, administrative procedures for granting credit, analysing systems for giving credit assessment, monitoring credit, calculating the level of the collectibility of non-performing loans, and analysing efforts to rescue non-performing loans. The analysis results show that in 2015 to 2017 and 2018, the category of non-performing loans dominates from other categories. In 2015, 2017,2018 and 2019, the collectability in the current category experienced an increase from 1.8%, up 8.6%, up 35.40% and up to 749.87%. The percentage of loan collectibility obtained shows the amount of non-performing loans in 2015 to 2017, 2018 and 2019 has fluctuated and tends to decrease, from 78.11% to 88.74%. Reduced to 60.45% and fell to 27.58%. This finding shows that there are efforts to improve credit performance to have no problem with credit. It is recommended to CSR managers of PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk. Agra must pay attention to the level of business turnover and the provision of collateral in anticipation of bad credit and for existing lousy credit to be rescheduled or reconditioned for loan arrears or can submit evidence of problematic receivables or write-off of accounts receivable if the conditions are not collectable.


Introduction
Article 74 of the Limited Company Law (in Indonesia: UUPT) Number 40 of 2007 confirms and requires every company to implement a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program or corporate social responsibility. Martin, Salinding, & Akim (2017) explain the concept of CSR as a concept of the company's obligation to fulfil and pay attention to the interests of stakeholders in profit-seeking company operations, where the stakeholders in question are employees (labourers), customers, communities, local communities, Government, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Thus, CSR is a way for companies to regulate their business processes to affect society positively. It can even be a domino effect that benefits the community and stakeholders (both internal and external), and companies themselves (Yulianita, 2008).

State-owned enterprises have an essential role in the implementation of development in
Indonesia, one of which is the partnership and environmental development program intended for micro, small and medium enterprises. This program is a corporate social responsibility (CSR) program from State-Owned Enterprises as a form of the company's concern for the community around the company. As one of the systems that carry out its production activities, the company plays an essential role in maintaining the impact caused by its business activities.
The existence of a company amid society, like it or not, will have a social impact on the community around the operation of the company, the aspect of the existence of the company's presence has a positive effect, is very much needed in spurring development that is being implemented can open new jobs, various local products can be lifted through cooperation partnership patterns, but on the other hand, will also have a negative impact, namely: social relations will be measured by the material owned by a person, the environment will be explored on a large scale for optimal benefits. Therefore, it is one way to protect the community and the environment around the company.
Through the Company Law, the Government requires companies to carry out a corporate social responsibility (CSR) program. PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk (PTBA) Tanjung Enim South Sumatra has implemented a CSR program as an element of the company's approach to get closer to society and a harmonious environment as one of the leading coal companies. This fact is also following the Ministerial Decree BUMN Number of PER-02/MBU/7/2017 date of July  (2018), BUMN is a legal entity with capital in the form of wealth separated from state assets and part of national economic development because of the economic rotation of BUMN influences national economic growth. BUMN has the aims and objectives to contribute to the development of the national economy in general and state revenue to actively participate in providing guidance and assistance to economically weak entrepreneurs, cooperatives, and the community.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) is a company's commitment to fulfilling its obligations to take policies and actions to care for the community and the company's environment based on applicable legal provisions. Budiarti & Raharjo (2014) state that CSR activities are based on many reasons and demands, as a combination of internal and external factors. Riwu Kore (2020) states that the company's considerations in carrying out CSR activities are mainly due to (1) compliance with laws and regulations; (2) as a corporate social investment to get a positive image; (3) part of the company's business strategy; (4) to obtain a license to operate from the local community; and (5) part of the company's risk management to reduce and avoid social conflicts. García-Sánchez & García-Sánchez (2020) stated that CSR is a form of continuous ethical commitment from the company (the business world) to contribute to the economic development of the local community and the general public, including improving the standard of living of workers and their families. Carroll (2018) stated that CSR is identical to CSP, Corporate Social Policy, a company roadmap and strategy that integrates corporate economic responsibility with social, legal, and ethical. Balqiah, Astuti, Yuliati, & Sobari (2017) explains that CSR is a company's commitment to improving community welfare through sound business practices and contributing part of the company's resources. Yang, Lin, & Chang (2010) describe three CSR principles: sustainability, accountability, and transparency. Sustainability shows the part of the company to make society use its resources so that it will pay attention to future generations. Accountability is a company effort to be open and responsible for activities that can affect the external environment, and this concept explains the quantitative influence of company activities on internal and external parties. Transparency is a company reporting activity that has an impact on external parties.

Partnership Program and Community Development (PPCD)
Partnership Program and Community Development, based on the Regulation of the Minister of State-Owned Enterprises, Number of PER-02/MBU/7/2017 date of July 5 2017 is a program to improve the capacity of micro, small and medium enterprises to become strong and independent. The main targets of this program are micro, small, and medium entrepreneurs who can be said to have a non-bank status or have not had access to a capital loan from a bank.
Compared to banking, the speciality of the partnership program is that a loan given by a PPCD entity to its fostered partners is only subject to 6% flat interest per year and given free a. smooth x ≤ 3 month : 100% b. not that smooth (3 < x < 6 month) :75% c. double-minded (6 < x < 9 month) : 25% d. jammed x ≥ 9 month : 0% Community Development is a program to empower the community's social conditions by State-Owned Enterprises through funds from the operating profit share. The form of assistance is in the form of: natural disaster response, namely assistance provided by PPCD for people affected by natural disasters, then education/training, namely service provided by the PPCD division in the field of education, usually in the form of scholarships to state schools and holding training aimed at developing human resources, In addition, assistance is also provided in the health sector, usually in the form of compensation to the nearest Integrated Service Post where the State-Owned Enterprise is established, also by holding a free health check, then assistance in public infrastructure & facilities, namely assistance provided by repairing existing public facilities around the place where State-Owned Enterprises is established, building religious facilities, preserving nature, as well as community social assistance in the context of poverty alleviation, and other forms of service related to efforts to increase the capacity of the fostered partners of the partnership program.

Non-Performing Loan (NPL)
Credit is the provision of trust from financial institutions to customers in an effort to make a profit (Habaora et al., 2019). Munyua (2016) explains that bad credit (loan default) is an existing payment deviation (deviation) on the terms of lending agreed upon in the repayment of the financing so that there is a delay. According to Klein (2012), this situation requires juridical action or is suspected that there is a potential loss that will affect the company's health. Bholat, Lastra, Markose, Miglionico, & Sen (2018) states that non-performing loans are all loans that contain high risk or credit that has weaknesses or does not meet the quality standards that have been fixed.
Non-performing loans are calculated using the Non-Performing Loan (NPL) ratio, where this ratio is one of the critical indicators in the successful performance of credit institutions.
This ratio is directly proportional to the higher the ratio, the worse the credit quality of the credit provider, which causes the number of non-performing loans to increase, calculated based on Bank Indonesia Circular Letter Number: 3/30 / DPNP, namely: Total Non-performing loans / Total Credits X 100 %
Rescheduling, This activity is done to extend the credit period, where the debtor is given relief in terms of the credit period, for example, an extension of the credit period from 6 months to 1 year. The debtor has a longer time to return. Extending the instalment period is almost the same as the credit term. In this case, the period of credit instalments is opened, for example, from 36 times to 48 times, and this, of course, the amount of instalments decreases along with the increase in the number of instalments.
Reconditioning is carried out by changing various existing requirements, such as interest capacity (interest is turned into principal debt); postponement of interest payments up to a certain time, meaning that only the claim can be postponed, while the principal still has to be paid as usual; interest rate reduction; lower interest rates to further ease the burden on customers. A decrease in interest rates will affect the smaller amount of instalments so that it is expected to help relieve customers; interest exemption is given to the customer on the basis that the customer is no longer able to pay the credit, but the customer still has an obligation to pay the principal until it is paid off.
Restructuring is a bank action to customers by increasing the customer's capital with the consideration that the customer is in need of additional funds and the business being Financing that is classified as non-performing financing if it fulfill the following criteria, namely: (1) business prospect, where business continuity is in doubt, the industry is in decline and it is difficult to recover; there is a high probability that business activities will cease; market losses in line with declining economic conditions; and management is very weak, and company affiliation is very detrimental to debtors; (2) financial condition, because suffered a big loss; the debtor is unable to fulfill all obligations and business activities; the debtor's business cannot be sustained; very high debt to equity ratio; liquidity difficulties; cash flow analysis shows that creditors are unable to cover production costs; business activities are threatened because of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates; and new loans are used to cover operating losses; and (3) the ability to pay, due to arrears of principal and / or interest that has exceeded 270 days, no credit documentation and / or collateral binding.

Research Method
This research was conducted for 5 (five) months, starting from January to May 2020, in locations that implement the CSR program of PT. Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung   West Java, Central Java, and East Java. Based on the number of foster partners, some partners have not been able to make payments during monitoring because: (1) the partner has passed away, (2) the partner has gone bankrupt, (3) the partner has moved address without notification to PT. Bukit Asam Tbk, (4) did not meet the business owner, (5) the fostered partners had an intention to pay, (6) the encouraged partners had paid off, (7) the encouraged partners whose payments had not been inputted / current. Efforts made to reduce arrears of fostered partners include: (1) carrying out managerial training in collaboration with relevant agencies and training instructors, involving lecturers from universities, state prosecutors, and local religious departments, (2) monitoring and coaching carried out through cooperation with related agencies, (3) intensifying billing both in writing and direct billing to the foster partner's business premises, (4) increasing marketing activities for the development of the foster partner's business by involving related agencies, (5) finding solutions for fostered partners whose business is not developing / jammed, and (6) include fostered partners in exhibition events.    a. Outbound Call, namely billing for late instalments by telephone.
b. Providing a warning letter and, if possible there is a loan collateral letter c. Suppose it has been two years in arrears for the first six months. In that case, rescheduling is carried out, namely by extending the credit period, but if it is still not completed in the next six months, reconditioning is carried out, namely changing some of the requirements that were made at the beginning, especially in loans in 2015 and 2017 where the collectability level is low.
d. Implementing a collateral system in providing credit loans to fostered partners as a moral responsibility for the foster partner's business actors e. Submission of problematic receivables evident, namely a list of fostered partners recommended being written off to high officials or Directors of PT. Bukit Asam Tbk.

Discussion
The procedure for granting credit from the CSR program at PT. Bukit Asam Tbk is carried out through stages, namely: (1) submission of files, (2) examination of loan documents and documents, (3) interviews, (4) field surveys, (5) credit analysis, (6) credit negotiations, (7) credit recommendations, (8) credit decisions, (9) credit agreements, (10) credit realisation, and (11) credit disbursements. The procedure for granting credit is intended to ensure the purpose of giving credit, the principle of credit benefit, administrative validity, the credit process is running well, benefits both parties, and as a condition for evaluating, monitoring, and reporting performance. The crediting procedure is a sequence of activities to produce a goal. According to Habaora et al. (2019), the procedure is a clerical sequence that usually involves several people in a department used to ensure uniform handling. More precisely, this word can indicate a series of activities, tasks, steps, calculations, and processes carried out through a series of jobs that produce an objective desired by a product or an effect. Each fostered partner must pass all stages. Putra, Kertahadi, & Zahro (2015) state that the stages of the credit-giving procedure are the flow of activities for disbursing credit and become a necessity or obligation through all stages of the credit-giving process.
The supervision of credit distribution, which the CSR program of PT has carried out.
Bukit Asam Tbk is intended to find out the obstacles that exist in the fostered partners and is also considered an evaluation of implementing credit extension to the encouraged partners.
As a result, some customers are experiencing problems in their business so that they are in arrears in payment of funds from the CSR program, although there are still customers who are not in arrears. Customers who have finished making credit payments from the implementation of credit extension supervision can prioritise the customer's business development. The performance of credit granting supervision means to control and evaluation. Therefore, credit management is essential in distributing funds so that programs with good objectives do not experience lousy credit because, in reality, loans are given by customers only experience problems, namely carrying out the supervisory function properly (Flannery, 1998). According to Martini & Indriyani (2019), the factors that cause non-performing loans include a lack of supervision of prospective customers, a lack of credit analysis, and a lack of goodwill from customers. Credit supervision is an effort taken by a funding institution (bank, company, or organisation) to avoid the possibility of bad credit or arrears for loans that have reached their maturity date. In essence, monitoring lousy credit is an action used to prevent the occurrence of ongoing credit congestion, so that watching bad credit is helpful to prevent bad credit from occurring.
The results showed that the collectability rate of loan repayments in 2015, 2017, and 2018 was in the poor category compared to 2019. However, based on the collectability results, there is an effort on the part of management to continue improving and evaluating loans, especially These various methods and procedures are considered quite effective because they can reduce the number of arrears from 2015 to 2019. The leading cause of problematic receivables from fostered partners is because the business owner does not have the good faith to pay his loan and thinks the loan is a grant while his business is still running, the company went bankrupt, the business owner fled without permission of the local Government, and/or the business owner died. These factors lead to different approaches to solving non-performing loans. For example, for assisted partners who have passed away, loan bleaching or evidence submissions are provided. The choice of the non-performing loan settlement approach is closely related to the actual situation and conditions. This approach is known as a non-litigation approach. The company's management carries out a settlement of non-performing loans through non-litigation channels, hoping that the debtor can return to make his credit payments appropriately through rescheduling, reconditioning, or restructuring, which is better known in banking terms 3R. Administratively, loans that are settled through the non-litigation channel are loans that were initially classified as substandard, doubtful, or non-performing, which are then attempted to be repaired to have smooth collectibility (Lou, 1998).
During the settlement of non-performing loans, the distributor of CSR program funds owned by PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk, has never completed a non-performing loan until the litigation line. According to Susatyo (2011), the settlement of non-performing loans through litigation is the last attempt by the bank "the last action" to make efforts to repay debtor credit either by executing credit collateral, collecting credit from the guarantor, taking over credit collateral by banks, selling collateral by voluntarily, or by filing a civil suit for the settlement of debtor's debt obligations. In the event that the settlement of non-performing loans through the nonlitigation channel can no longer be used, the creditor can carry out credit settlement through the litigation channel. This strategy is done if the credit provider has decided to do business with the debtor, where the non-performing loan action through litigation can be pursued through 2 (two) stages of settlement, namely: (1) out of court settlement and (2) the settlement of non-performing loans through the judiciary (Susanto, Riwukore, Riance, Sardiyo, & Habaora, 2020).

Conclusion
The results showed that the level of non-performing credit on the CSR of PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk has increased from 78.11% in 2015 to 88.74% in 2018 and shows a gradual decline to 60.45% in 2018 and 27.58% in 2019. Strategies for lowering the level of non-performing loans are determining the limits for lending and setting outbound calls, issuing warning letters, rescheduling, reconditioning, and finally submitting evidence of problematic receivables. This strategy change is to change the lending model, which previously did not limit nonperformance loans for lending. This program is one of the Corporate Social Responsibility programs, which harms the number of non-performing loans and the distribution of loan funds not channelled to the appropriate party. Recommendations that can be given to PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk is an evaluation of the existing survey model because it has not shown the reality of the survey report following the truth in the field. Therefore, it is necessary to apply for litigation settlement and business development for the fostered partners who provide the best examples.